Pengaruh Demokrasi dan Pengangguran terhadap Kriminalitas di Indonesia

Mustika Septiyas Trisilia; Theresia Vera Selviana Assan

doi:10.55338/jeama.v5i1.926

Authors

Mustika Septiyas Trisilia Universitas Nusa Cendana
Theresia Vera Selviana Assan Universitas Nusa Cendana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55338/jeama.v5i1.926

Keywords:

Kriminalitas, Demokrasi, Pengangguran, Variabel Instrumental

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan demokrasi dan pengangguran terhadap kriminalitas di Indonesia menggunakan data panel 22 provinsi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini lebih ditujukan untuk melihat pengaruh demokrasi dan pengangguran terhadap kriminalitas dalam bentuk kekerasan. Namun, tetap dilakukan analisis pengaruh terhadap kriminalitas properti sebagai perbandingan. Untuk mengatasi masalah endogeneitas dari variabel demokrasi, penelitian ini menggunakan metode two-stage least square (2SLS) dengan memasukkan indeks kebebasan sipil sebagai variabel instrumental. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa demokrasi cenderung berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kriminalitas dalam bentuk kekerasan (pembunuhan dan penculikan). Sementara itu, pengangguran cenderung berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kriminalitas dalam bentuk properti (pencurian dengan pemberataan dan pencurian kendaraan bermotor), walaupun ditemukan juga pengaruh signifikan antara pengangguran dan penganiayaan berat.

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